When a disease outbreak expands to a global pandemic, the infections are highly contagious. It may be easy to limit or prevent exposure by letting people work from home, but for essential workers the risk of contracting disease from coworkers or the public is not simple.
Transmission possible between co-workers AND form the general public including patients at healthcare facilities. Fortunately, there are many ways to limit your exposure as an employee or a visitor of these facilities, but everyone needs to adopt these safe practices
Most importantly, employers need to communicate with employees to ensure they feel safe. This is essential to reduce worker absences due to fear of exposure. Employers need to also provide the proper protective equipment and disinfect the workplace to ensure workers and the public are safe.
OSHA offers principles of worker protection that employers should follow in the case of a pandemic, including:
- Practice social distancing
- Cover cough and sneezes
- Maintain hand hygiene
- Clean surfaces frequently
While you might be able to shelter at home, it is important to recognize the many essential workers who are at risk of exposure.
Who is considered essential?
- Those in Healthcare/Public Health
- Law Enforcement, Public Safety, First Responders
- Food and Agriculture
- Energy
- Water and Wastewater
- Transportation and Logistics
- Public Works
- Community Based Government Operations and Essential Functions
- Critical Manufacturing
- Hazardous Materials
- Financial Services
- Chemical
- Defense Industrial Base
- Commercial and Professional Services
Follow this link for an extensive list of essential employees.
If you are on this list or those you live with are, it is imperative you take the necessary precautions recommended by the CDC to protect you and your loved ones.
Below are some frequently asked questions from those who are considered essential workers as well as those who may find themselves interacting with them on a regular basis.
Essential Workers FAQs
The most important thing is to stay up to date on information on the virus. Work with state and local health officials in order to ensure you have all of the correct information. Other recommendations include:
• Follow CDC Guidelines for employers
• Separate sick workers immediately
• Notify other employees of any sickness but keep confidentiality
There are additional steps you should take at your institution to protect employees including:
• Disinfect surfaces regularly
• Provide masks (cloth or otherwise) to workers
• Recommend and enforce social distancing between workers and customers
• Rearrange break rooms, time clock areas, and other congregating locations to meet 6-ft distancing guidelines
Below are a few links with more information for employers
Where to purchase surgical masks in bulk
Where to purchase reusable masks
Safety practices for essential workers
To protect your family, take steps to prevent bringing home the virus. There are several easy steps you can implement into your routine to stop from bringing any contaminants into your home from your work. Here is a list of steps to take or click on this image for a visual.
• Remove clothing and shower immediately upon returning home - don't sit on the couch or go to the kitchen until you clean up
• Change into clean clothes and
• Wash work clothes in soap and hot water before wearing again; do not shake clothing before washing
• Wear a mask at work, wash it after each day's wearing if it is reusable
• Practice social distancing at work
• Disinfect working area often
• Take your temperature regularly
Click here for more precautionary steps to follow to protect your loved ones.
Many stores have implemented new policies to protect their employees and customers. Be sure to check these policies and follow any rules employers have put in place. When going to a public place, wear a mask/cloth face covering to protect both yourself and those around you. (See the PSA tab for video reference on how to properly wear a mask).
To reduce cross contamination:
• Wash hands frequently
• Sneeze or cough into elbow (leave mask on when doing so - that is what it is for)
• Use the provided sanitizing wipes to clean grocery carts. Dispose of these properly after use.
Visit this video (link) to understand how to behave appropriately in a grocery store.
Click here to view a flyer on proper personal protection use.
Secondly, if you experience any symptoms and feel it is time to visit the hospital, call your local clinic to ask for appropriate steps. It is important they are ready to handle your case if/when you arrive to the hospital.
Because medication will not cure this illness, medical treatment is often not needed. Follow this link for steps on what to do if you think you may be infected. Additional health resources are also found at this link.
The claim that longtime wear of face masks may cause CO2 toxicity is partly false. High levels of CO2 can be dangerous but it is unlikely face masks will cause such dangerous levels.
A few posts have gone around showing the concern for breathing in CO2 from wearing masks all day at work. However, the posts do not clarify the type of mask or how long you have to wear it before experiencing these symptoms of hypercapnia. Symptoms of breathing too much CO2 include headaches, fatigue, shortness of breath, and disorientation.
Healthcare workers wear masks for long periods of time and do not suffer from any kind of CO2 toxicity. Cloth masks may pose more of a threat since they are thicker but it is unlikely you experience hypercapnia. After long periods you may experience a slight headache but it is nothing to be concerned about. If you do have get any headaches try to take frequent breaks to remove your mask and get fresh air, but make sure you are practice social distancing when doing so.
On the other hand, rebreathing of CO2 can effect work productivity. Breathing in a reduced amount of oxygen can effect your energy levels and cause muscle weakness. So getting fresh air is important not to limit your CO2 exposure, but increase your oxygen intake. Although, each case should be looked at on an individual level and those who are older should try to get more oxygen if possible.
It is understandable that some people have no option to leave your children at home when running essential tasks. The public needs to understand this: remember to be kind to those who have their children with them at the store. Give parent with a child ample room to safely conduct their shopping so they can get out of a store quickly.
If you are a parent needing to bring a child into a store, keep your children close to you or place them in the cart if possible. If masks are required or you choose to wear one, children 2+ should also be given a mask when out in public. Those under two are not advised to have any face coverings as it can be difficult to keep them on and can pose a hazard to their breathing ability. Help children to avoid touching their nose or mouth when in public, disinfect their hands when getting back to the car, and fully wash their hands when returned home.
If you have other concerns regarding your children, here is a link to other frequently asked questions and additional resources.